Making it more difficult to
short Fannie or Freddie is not going to do one thing for their balance sheets,
which is the real source of their problem. As former Fed governor William Poole
said a few weeks ago, they are basically insolvent. Five-year bonds sold by
Fannie Mae yield 90 basis points (0.9%) more than US Treasuries of similar maturity, almost double the average over the past 10 years,
according to data compiled by Bloomberg. That spread, which translates to
$90,000 in extra annual interest per $10 million of bonds, exists even after
Treasury Secretary Paulson signaled the
Given Paulson's guarantee,
why would you buy US bonds when you can get the same guarantee and almost 1%
more?
Fannie and Freddie are
private companies where the profits go to shareholders and losses go to
taxpayers. There are a lot of people (including your humble analyst) who have
complained about the current set-up. Basically, they were allowed to leverage
their capital beyond what even your most leveraged hedge fund would think
prudent. How could the value of homes go down? Leverage up and show huge
profits, pay monster salaries and bonuses to management who did nothing but
increase risk, and spend $170 million on lobbyists to make sure that no one
changes the rules.
Paulson had no realistic
choice but to do what he did. But the true point is,
he should have never had to make that choice. A real regulator would not have
let them leverage their capital to the extent they
did. If taxpayers have to invest one penny before shareholders are wiped out,
then there is no justice. Fannie and Freddie should be broken up into several
much smaller firms which are not too big too fail, their shares floated to new
owners, and taxpayers should get preferred shares until they are made whole.
And the implicit, but now explicit, guarantee should be taken away